1 (a) Give a phrase that means the same as ‘aerial photographs’. [1]
snapshots from the skies
1 (b) The writer is surprised that aerial photography has been going on for so long. Give a phrase that tells the reader this. [1]
long before the first planes took off
2 (a) Why does the writer use inverted commas ( ‘ ‘ ) in line 9? [1]
To show that Nadar is a nickname or another name he was known by.
2 (b) What contrast does the writer make between the balloon used in 1879 and the one used in 1858? Tick (✓) one box. [1]
one succeeded in taking a photo but the other didn’t
one carried two men, while the other only carried one
one could travel about, the other stayed fixed in the same place
one had a larger darkroom for developing photos than the other
one carried two men, while the other only carried one
one could travel about, the other stayed fixed in the same place
one had a larger darkroom for developing photos than the other
2 (c) The writer tells us photography was in its infancy. Explain what photography is being compared to and why. [2]
Photography is being compared to a baby or young child. This is because photography was very new and not fully developed yet, just like a baby that is still growing and learning.
3 What technological development was necessary before kites could be used to take aerial photographs? Tick (✓) one box. [1]
a photographic plate large enough to capture the view
a system for controlling many kites to lift the camera
a mechanism to operate the camera automatically
a method of publishing photographs in books
a system for controlling many kites to lift the camera
a mechanism to operate the camera automatically
a method of publishing photographs in books
4 How are the verbs in the second sentence of this paragraph different from the verbs in the first and third sentences? [1]
The verbs in the second sentence are in the passive voice, while the verbs in the first and third sentences are in the active voice.
5 Why does the writer use the word literal in this paragraph? [1]
To show that the pigeons really did give a bird’s eye view because they are actually birds.
6 (a) Complete the timeline with dates from the text. [3]
| Date | Event |
|---|---|
| 1858 | first aerial photograph taken from a balloon |
| 1888 | first aerial photograph taken from a solo kite |
| 1904 | first aerial photograph taken using a rocket |
| 1906 | kites used to take aerial photograph of a natural disaster |
| 1900–1910 | camera invented that could be carried by birds |
| 1914–1918 | pigeons used by the military to take aerial photographs |
6 (b) Using the information in the timeline, write a summary of the early history of aerial photography. Use up to 50 words. [2]
Aerial photography started with balloons in 1858. Then people used kites in 1888 and rockets in 1904. During the early 1900s, cameras were put on pigeons. The military used pigeon photography during World War I to spy on enemies.
7 Draw a line to match each piece of information to the correct number from 1 (the earliest) to 5 (the latest). [3]
1 → To take better aerial photographs, Sherman invents a new type of camera.
2 → Photographs of urban areas are taken using Sherman’s cameras.
3 → Sherman’s cameras take aerial photos used to inform the public about the war.
4 → In the post-war years, Sherman’s cameras are regarded as the best.
5 → Sherman’s cameras are used to take photographs in lunar orbit.
2 → Photographs of urban areas are taken using Sherman’s cameras.
3 → Sherman’s cameras take aerial photos used to inform the public about the war.
4 → In the post-war years, Sherman’s cameras are regarded as the best.
5 → Sherman’s cameras are used to take photographs in lunar orbit.
8 The writer begins the last sentence with However. What contrast between the past and present does this emphasise? Tick (✓) one box. [1]
how the cost of taking aerial photos has changed
what different ways people use aerial photography
where a photographer can be to take aerial photos
why aerial photography has become more popular
what different ways people use aerial photography
where a photographer can be to take aerial photos
why aerial photography has become more popular
9 (a) The information in the text has been organised into paragraphs. Give two other ways that the information is organised. [2]
• By time order/chronologically
• By different methods of aerial photography
• By different methods of aerial photography
9 (b) The language in the first paragraph is more informal than the rest of the text. Give two quotations from the first paragraph and explain how each one is informal. [4]
Quotation: “If you’re a flying enthusiast”
Explanation: Uses “you” to speak directly to the reader like a conversation.
Quotation: “have you ever wondered”
Explanation: Asks a question to the reader which is more casual and friendly.
Explanation: Uses “you” to speak directly to the reader like a conversation.
Quotation: “have you ever wondered”
Explanation: Asks a question to the reader which is more casual and friendly.
9 (c) Why has the writer chosen to write the first paragraph in an informal style? [1]
To get the reader interested and make them want to keep reading.
